Online Sports Betting Website in Nigeria - betBonanza
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Best Online Betting in Nigeria|Football Betting Sites in Nigeria
Find the best online football betting sites in Nigeria on Nairasportsbet. We guide and help Nigeria football sports enthusiasts to make the best betting decision
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football prediction Fees that online bookmakers and stablecen for each of the bets that offer users are basically the benefit received by each Naira bet. Let's put a simple example for those of us who still sound a little Chinese to this betting on the internet. Let's say that we bet 1 euro that Real Madrid wins a certain match and the odds that the betting house gives us (and that appears on the website next to that bet in question) is 1.5. If the bet is winning, the bettor takes one euro (the amount bet) multiplied by 1.5 (the fee), that is, 1.50 Naira, in addition to receiving back the euro that has bet. It seems easy, right? Above all, because in Nigeria we use so-called decimal odds instead of the fractional odds usually used, among other countries, in Great Britain. And it is precisely Britain that we can consider as the cradle of sports betting, at least as we know them today. The British have a long tradition in betting on horse racing in particular, a tradition that dates back to the 19th century. With the passage of time and the emergence of the Internet and new technologies, the bets made the transition to the nature online universe and ended up spreading throughout the European continent to become another option in our leisure offer. According to bet9ja vip, Nigeria, a country where sport in general and football in particular are almost religion for many, has not been an exception. Nigeria have welcomed with authentic passion the world of betting, to such an extent that our country is placed in the lead in Europe in numbers wagered. And not only in sports, but we can bet on events like the winner of a reality show on television or which political party will get more votes in an election. The Nigerian authorities approved in 2012 the new Law on the Regulation of sport betting and this has only contributed to the current boom in betting and online gaming in general in our country, putting order and concert in a business that until then was moved in a field lacking sufficient clarity and the necessary protection of consumer rights. Suffice it to say that, according to official government data, only in the third quarter of this year 2017 the Nigerian have placed bets on the different web pages with the proper license to operate in our country for a total amount of 1,321 million Naira. A multi-million-dollar business that also registers a considerable growth rate and where the different operators that offer their services in our country invest significant amounts in advertising to attract customers in an increasingly competitive and mature market.
What are the Soccer predictions and odds of betting based on?
As a business, online betting houses must take into consideration a number of factors when offering a certain fee for a bet at an event. And if we had to highlight only one of these factors, we would speak of the purest and strictest mathematical probability. The calculation of statistical probabilities plays a crucial role so that the professionals who work in the betting houses decide to offer their clients a specific quota or quotation. You do not need to be an expert in football or in betting to understand that a match is not the same in which, for example, Barça plays with or without Messi in the team, or that a match is not the same in which the Real Madrid plays against Fuenlabrada in the Copa del Rey when they play against Bayern Munich in the Champions League. We talk about elements such as the difference in level or category between two teams, the recent trajectory of a team in its last matches, the current moment of form of certain players, the previous statistics in clashes between the two teams, if the coach will start all the players of the team considered theoretically holders or if any player of relief is injured for that appointment. All these data are taken into consideration when establishing the final fees for the user of a betting website. And for this, companies have payroll professionals whose profile not only responds to that of an expert in a particular sport, but often also to someone with an academic background in the field of statistics and the calculation of probabilities. Thus, another important component when drawing up the football predictionof England Soccer l is, of course, the potential profit margin that the company can get. After having applied the factors previously exposed to their quotas, you must also add and always take into account a percentage of benefit for the house. The bookmakers decide to raise or lower the share of a bet also based on the demand that users establish. To understand us, the more people bet on a specific forecast, the quotas will be lower. If there are few users who bet on said forecast, the quotas will be higher for the simple reason that it implies that this forecast is more difficult to be fulfilled. The odds or forecasts may vary depending on all the factors that we have explained, although the bettor can rest assured once the bet has been made since it will be kept with the same quota that was offered when doing it on the web. If there is a section where the quotas suffer permanent variations, this is the one known as live betting. As the name suggests, we talk about the bets that we can make online in a straight line while the football match or the sports event takes place. Making bets directly from your mobile or tablet while watching a football game or a tennis match live has become an incentive that adds an extra element of excitement to the fact that you follow a live sporting event on television. So much so that live betting accounts for around 70% of the total of online bets in Nigeria. For those not initiated into betting, when a friend, family member or co-worker tells us that yesterday he won 45 Naira with a 2.7 odds betting on Atlético's victory, we must remember what is stated in this article when it comes to elucidating the amount you have wagered and the corresponding profit. But it will also be interesting to remember what are the reasons that make a betting house on the Internet offer certain football predictionshttps://bet9javip.com/to its users.
Who the fuck is Citron Research? Well here’s a fairly precise not too technical guide as to who the fuck these roaches are, so that the average retard on wsb with IQ in the -ve range can understand. Listen, english isn’t my first or my second language, i tried my best, suck it up if it ain’t good enough. Citron Research is a shady as fuck stock commentary website operated by Mr. Andrew Left. Now a bit on this autist. In short, Andrew’s a 🌈🐻, in long he’s a self proclaimed “activist short seller”. He was married to Ms. Andrea Left, her username checked out. His internet newsletter has been running for 17 years now, and apparently has 50 cases in the company’s favor since 2001, do the math and you find out that he can fuckin time travel. Now, there’s a lot of stock commentary websites, newsletters, tv shows and podcasts. Why has Citron Research become such a beacon to attract controversy? Why has Citron Research become such a beacon to attract controversy? Well, dear autists, the self proclaimed “activist” we’re talking about here, who sees himself as a messiah against corporate fraud and market manipulation is reported by NYTimes as follows : “He can make a killing in a bear market while everyone else on Wall Street suffers.” His methods of investment are rather questionable and has come under much of the financial world’s scrutiny. Now, fellow autists, this part is very important. This is his strategy. Reported by NYTimes once again “After he places a bet against the price of a stock, he then publishes research designed to torpedo the company’s value, often by airing accusations of fraud or abuse. This is entirely legal, as long as what he publishes is not itself fraudulent. Left takes short positions in companies across a whole range of industries.” Keep in mind we are talking about a man that shorted Tesla stock in 2018 and got mad when it didn’t go his way. So mad that he sued Tesla and Papa Elon for stock manipulation. Source. SERIOUSLY, THIS DUDE FUCKING SHORTED TESLA AT $177, ITS AT $4,325 TODAY (Pre-Split price). If this wasn’t enough wait to hear the companies in his “ambitious track record”. Since all of you lack basic correlation skills to connect the dots, let me do it for you fucking losers. What is he doing with GME. Are we not seeing the same pattern here? He is publicly short on GME and is tweeting it. He is known for this kind of manipulation. When he noticed the price had crossed the $43 wall he made it public that he is short GME. He could’ve scheduled the meeting immediately, but no. He scheduled it a day later, now this is perfect for the 🌈🐻 because, he is literally buying time. Buying time when alot of GME holders are in with their life savings on wsb. 24 HOURS IS ENOUGH TIME TO SOW THE SEEDS OF DOUBT AND CAUSE PARANOIA TO PEOPLE WITH THEIR LIFE ON LINE. BUT WHAT ARE WE GONA DO? WE ARE GOING TO FUCKING HOLD TO MARS🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀. LATEST UPDATE received states that they chickened out of the livestream that was to be at 11:30AM EST. THEY NEED MORE TIME. THE SHORTS ARE SWEATING. THIS IS WORKING GUYS HOLD. SCANDAL #1. Here’s a notable event on this aucstivist. In 2016, this 🌈🐻 was banned from the Hong Kong stock market for 5 years over a 2012 report on the firm China Evergrande Group as a result of releasing a report containing “false and/or misleading claims” about the above-mentioned company. Forced to pay a little over $720,000 as fines on the profits and legal expenses. He’s on his last string in HK, after his warning, he could end up in jail for violating once again. Source. SCANDAL 2. This guy is what he swore to destroy at this point wait till you read this. Jumia Technologies ($JMIA : NYSE) is an online e-commerce platform founded out of Nigeria in 2012. They gained a fair amount of traction and went public in Apr 2019. It was received very well and rose from around $25 at opening to $41 within a matter of a few weeks. Everything was well until Shitron Research adopted a short position and saw nothing of its potentials. The report came in accusing Jumia of fraud, torpedo’ing the company downwards. It dropped till approx. $2.80. BUT GUESS WHAT, SURPRISE! SHITRON AND ANDICKREW 🌈🐻 said they’re LONG ON THE STOCK. AND THERE’S NO WAY THEY’RE SHORTING AGAIN. This man capitalized on the drop of an e-commerce startup out of Nigeria and is now currently benefitting from the uprise. $JMIA sits at $45.56 as of now. Source Now these are just 2 scandals that I pointed out because no one on wsb seems to be aware of this. Now i’m pretty sure if you’ve been active on the sub you’ve seen the COLOSSAL failures this company has made. I’ll attach it right here. JUST GO AND SEE THIS ITS IMPORTANT TO GET A PROPER VIEW. Apart from this, another IMPORTANT info would be that, the live stream where he claimed he is going to expose the top 5 reasons why he’s GME short right now, would PROBABLY be live on his TWITTER (@CitronResearch). Hope to see everyone there and I CANNOT WAIT TO PROVE this self proclaimed activist WRONG. NOW RETARDS KEEP READING BECAUSE, this is not possible without everyone holding tight and buying more 👐👐👐👐💎💎💎💎💎💎. We will be hit badly again, the boomer investors cannot take Citron’s cock out of their mouths, so we expect a sell off, DO NOT GIVE THE BEARS A CHANCE TO BUY. Today could even be a red day, BUT FEAR NOT. We will hopefully emerge victorious. I AM SO PROUD OF EVERY LAST AUTIST ON HERE 🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀. NOTE : Holding our shares doesnt cost us anything 🤷🏻♂️. The short sellers pay high borrow fees and will eventually get margin called if the price rises further. A red day doesnt matter at all as we are not selling anyway 💎💎🙌🏼🙌🏼 its just a question of time until the next good news hit and it will explode 🔥🚀 TL;DR : Citron’s been doing this for a long time. The stocks they short do go down only because boomer investors suck them off dry. Time for a revolution. HOLD ON TO YOUR STOCKS WITH DIAMOND HANDS 👐👐👐👐💎💎💎💎💎💎. HOARD AND HOLD. EVEN A RED DAY OR TWO WON’T EXTINGUISH THE FLAME IN WSB. LET US FUCKING TAKE OFF AUTISTS 🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀. Edit #1 : Citron really just chickened out of the livestream that was taking place lmfao. THIS IS WORKING EVERYONE HOLD 🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀.
Alright here we go the "unofficial guide to simblitzing that probably is way too soon and doesn't apply to half your teams" To begin with this is just personal anecdote and we all know that the plural of anecdote is data and not anecdotes, so throw out the entire salt shaker and don't take any grains of salt with this, this is definitely not a guideline and is ironclad. So first off, parameters: My TCP is 5.5mil, ymmv. I'll give team powers and highlight individuals in the team that are essentially afterthoughts and lynchpins. This also doesn't go for anything lower than 8.0-8.3, at this time I don't have doc ock, ultimus, doom, pryde, or yelena. Nearly every character is 4red Xyellow (4-6) star rank and between lv50-60, 5/5/5/3 GT8 or higher and I'll note outliers as I go. Unless I say otherwise, for iso they are remanx suggestions at iso3, meta characters are iso4, throwaways may or may not have any iso, and none of them are iso5. Unless noted, they are assuming you hit that beautiful little orange simulate match button, all statements are for simulations only. So let's get started: UNIVERSAL RULES 1) Mirror Matches are a NONO. You will get fucked, beware. 2) the war favorable matchups are great to use with the major exceptions of: hydra teams, mercs, shield, asgardians, and xforce 3) don't fight BO. They will nearly always win. Save your credits. 4) the powers of the teams don't change as you switch teams within that power bracket, so always start with the lowest powered team in that grouping. Example: you have 3 teams at 137k, 129k, and 152k, start with the 129 one as the first team you find matches with sets the total power for your match ups. The 129 one will generate a 175, 188, 196 match up group vs the 152 one that pulls 202,212, and 227. Always start with the lowest team to generate match ups even if you have already used them. I do not have the information to determine whether brackets are universal or player specific, nor do I have enough data to determine if they shift with your team growth, that takes time and data which again I have a serious lack of both. THE AWESOME TEAMS These teams win like DJ Khalid, heed the universal rules up top and blindly press that simulate button for the most part, even the danger teams will occasionally get bent by these guys. BLACK ORDER (475k, 6red Thanos, all the T4s I can put into them, GT13 all around if not GT14) as high can take them. This team has yet to lose a match for me, if they did I do not remember it on account of refreshing them all day and winning nearly all of them. SYMBIOTES (400k, 6red venom, 5red carnage & SSM, the 3 important ones are GT14, the other two are GT12. T4s in all SSM, carn pass, AV all but basic) they kill most everything, with some caveats big Phoenixes, BB, and defenders. Defenders will always win simulations and mostly lose manually. EMMARAUDERS (325k, 6red Mr. S, GT14 Emma and Mr. S, mystique, ST, stryfe are meh) beat just about anything. DANGER: ultron will fuck this team over on sims, either manually do it and copy ultron, or avoid him altogether. Defenders for some reason always win, it's infuriating. X-MEN (300k, 6red PHX, 5red Col, both are GT14, I use psy and wolv, you can use drax and mantis since they're clearly xmen and this guide is the end all be all.) have yet to lose with them, they kill pretty much everything but the obvious BO. INHUMANS (250k, BB is 6red GT14 with nearly all T4s, yoyo and crystal are GT12, yoyo has T4s in her passive and basic, the others are filler, I may not even have iso on the fillers) Aside from the occasional wtf how did you lose that match, no issues mindlessly tap away. ASGARDIANS (250k, 5red loki, GT14 hela, GT12 others, T4s in hela ult/pass, loki ult) This is the first wonky team, they will lose matchups that you wouldn't think possible, and will slap down better teams on accident. Avoid defenders, guardians, and symbiotes. Other than that heavy debuff teams will destroy this team, avoid those, and this team kills everything else. BROTHERHOOD (200K, 5red mags, no T4s, I use blob and toad) don't sim against defenders, shield, and xmen, other than that I've had them beat symbiotes, inhumans, asgardians, etc. POWERTRON (200K, GT13 ultron, 7red ultron bc why not, T4s in ultron passive, ult, super) from the description you're well aware that this is the ultron show, they win anything really, minus the defenders/GotG/technerva (again). I run rescue, IH, WM, falcon. They kill it. And by they I mean ultron, the peanut gallery can sit in the corner. AIM (200k, 5red grav/SciS/mon/sec, [I know, it's a sign] GT13 SciS, GT12 others, T4s in SciS pass, I use monstrosity, but my shitty monster is 14k and exists solely to make grav better. ) this team beats noncleansers, stay away from defenders/groot/PA/PHX and psy/symbs. Depending on who the 20k is in the matchup, they can beat asgardians(loki), inhumans(BB), and SPN(DrS). PYM TECH (125k, ghost is king, none of them are over GT8, 5/5/5/3, Lv50) Surprisingly resilient, stay away from meta teams but they beat the middle tiers, dunno how or why, but I'll take it. *** THE CLOSE BUT NO CIGAR TEAMS*** These can beat even matchups, but since those are rare, I tend to drop down and use them to clear 8.1 and 8.2 matches or check their matchups at 8.3 and then use a better team to reset their matchups. SHIELD (225K, NF/sec at GT13, coulson/medic at GT12, ass man is an even 14k with no iso) they beat teams without the capstone characters, xmen without Phoenix, etc. They WILL NOT beat defenders, who have magic simblitz skills. But can take most even matchups. SHMERCS (shuri and TM are GT13/iso4 others are GT12/iso3, no T4s) I have killmonger here since I don't want to build wakandans or skillitary, screw your red star event, you can't make me. These guys will break everything without AOE strippers, or for some reason, young avengers. TECHNERVA (275k, GT13 groot/SL/rocket, GT14 minn, vision is filler, T4s in SL supepass, groot pass, and all minn) if you put T4s in minn you should be jailed for hate crimes. NO. This team kills debuffers, glass cannons, and tech heavy teams. Inhumans will annihilate you. Actually does well against ultron comps. SUPERNATURAL (250k, 5red mordo, GR, GT13 GR. T4s in mordo pass/super, GR pass/ult, DrS pass) avoid anything with cleanse or AOEs, especially great against bursty buff teams. YOUNG CAPTAIN MARVENGERS (150k, CM is GT13, T4 in her passive, I don't remember if the others aside from MsM are even at GT8, she's GT12.) similar to power armor, 1 toon show, and everything else is just to make them better (so are xmen, Sin6, inhumans, and half the teams listed here, quit bitching) not sure about the hard caps or even what works well here, can beat some meta teams at 8.2, but the 8.3 jump neuters the team. THE ZEMOS (150k, zemo is GT12, [complete failure I know] KP and the others are GT8, except WS who is almost GT6, bc he's not important) another one man show team, anything zemo can beat this team can beat better, if they stop zemo, you're fucked. I have good results manualing 8.3 here. Fast AOEs will end this team. How are defenders countering everything? AVENGERS (150k, 5red cap/widow, GT12 cap/widow, 6red GT8 17k hulk, iso1 for hulk, hawk, and IM) I need to make hulk thicc, but not now. They'll probably be safe at higher levels if they aren't half crap like mine. They beat most not amazing teams at 8.2, but don't make the 8.3 jump WTF YOU WEREN'T THIS BAD BEFORE TEAMS These teams are good elsewhere and somehow drop the ball hard in simblitz, manual them, do the first 3 moves and hit auto and you'll probably win, hit sim and you'll lose 9 times out of 10. XFORCE (225K, 5red cable/x23, all GT12 6/6/6/4 iso3) How in the ever loving fuck do they lose so often? They barely win neutral matchups in 8.1/8.2, it's unbelievable, I still don't understand why. I only manual with them bc they're basically a fire hazard in a concrete room. RED SKULL (150k, 6red rifle trooper, 5 red scientist, GT10 5/5/5/3 iso2 across the board, skull, trooper, and guard have iso3) these are just to make people use strong zemo/BB in war, I'd say avoid those, but it's easier to just avoid everything. On the plus side, they tend to murder defenders manually, manual them, don't sim, if they kill skull quit. CRAPTASTIC FOUR (225k, 5red MrF, GT13 IW, rest are either close or getting close to GT12, I use namor, my she hulk is a strong 6k on a good day) No idea how they manage to lose neutral matchups in 8.1/8.2. You'd think they'd be able to not be terrible but you'd be wrong. Manual them against defenders/low tier teams/ randos without meta characters. THE NOT GOOD, THE BAD, AND THE UGLY, WHO ARE ALSO BAD These are Liabilities that require great matchups to win at 8.0/8.1, so much so that they can start fires underwater. PUNFENDERS (250k, nothing to see here, T4 DD pass, Pun pass/basic, IF pass, JJ basic) Here it is folks, the star of the show. How did I spend so many T4s on them? I should be shot on principle. Only fight not sin6 villains, that aren't all the meta team villains, so.. Kree. And BH2.0 since they're made to beat them in an even match. Otherwise you're hoping for a random group of ravagers. Nice to see they counter everyone on the other side, and do nothing on this side. KREEJECTS (125k, Ronan and kree minions, cyborg gets tossed. Literally nothing to see here, I think Ronan has iso2 if any) if you get a good, random match UP at 8.0, take it manually. Never ever simblitz this team. SIN6/8/14/33 DOES IT MATTER HOW MANY YOU ADD? (125K, 5 red mysterio/electro, 5/5/5/3, GT8) I have not gotten Doc Ock since I began typing this, so they're still trash. fight defenders/spidermen(not symbiotes) and you can squeeze out a win for 8.1/8.2. But I'd still manual it in case the punisher decides you lose in Sims. I now have a 5y4r lv70 GT13 6/6/6/4 Doc Oc. Running swarm electro rhino mysterio and total team power is 200k. This team handles most other teams with ease, avoid x-men, defenders of course, and SPN. Otherwise have fun at 8.3, Doc is ridiculously good. THE WHITE FLAGS OF SURRENDER free losses for everyone I'm not gonna bother you with team details: HAND - the rework is a lie RAVAGERS/NN-why did you build her, vets? SHITTY RANDOMS - yours might be different, mine are merc soldier, merc sniper, she hulk, aim infector, spiderman. Things I will not build regardless of how many red stars you heap on me. Which brings us to the last group THE FRANKENSTEINS These teams are piecemeal from extras for other teams, or incompletes, or stand alones, and each match is a toss up at 8.1/8.0. I'd manual if you really want the wins. X-TRAS (125K, 5red beast, iso3 on beast and storm) beast storm Longshot Shatterstar and drax, they actually win quite often, but I hit auto just in case. Have put a few resources now into dadbros, I'm confident taking them into 8.1 and a few 8.2 matches, once I drop lots of resources into them they will carry in 8.3 possibly WAKANDAWHATNOWS (100k, 5 red mbaku) no iso, mbaku is 8k, oko and BP, shield trooper, shield op. they might win 8.0 probably not, don't risk it. VILLAINS (125K, nothing of note) bullseye, kree cyborg, korath, goblin, swarm I don't even remember what GT they are, might win manually at 8.0 but I wouldn't bet more than a nickel on it. THE PUNCHING BAGS(125K) Sentry, aim researcher, gam, nebula, I forget the other one, but it doesn't matter, set them on fire and leave them on someone's doorstep. Like I said up top, this is essentially written in stone and applies to everyone regardless of team power and stats, has zero flaws, and comes with a bridge the son of the deposed king of Nigeria wants to sell you. Give me a bit and I'll link a Google spreadsheet with my personal team info, I'll have to make a legend for it as I never really intended to share it until a friend online suggested I do it and we all know that when strangers online ask for something you give it to them. Side Note: Mods let me know if I swear too much and I'll edit the swearing not sarcastically at all.
Make bets on tonight's Yale REA results- Will pay 15$ to a random person with the correct guess
Demographics: Straight white male (Need financial aid) Major: Econ and Maths Curriculum: IB (Maths AA HL, Econ HL, English HL, CS SL, Modern Greek SL, Business Management SL) Attending private school with 3-year merit 100% scholarship GPA (Predictions) : 44/45 GPA of first year: 40/42 SAT: 1550 (770 R / 780 M) - No subject tests ECs:
Founded social enterprise in 9th grade that aimed at solving the issues of loneliness among the elderly. Was director of finance. Participated in national JA enterpreneurship competition; national finalist - Should be noted that the organization lasted only for a bit less than 2 years due to scalability issues
Participated in same enterpreneurship competition in 11th grade; Director of finance; no awards
Did research with business professor on the topic of digital transformation to be presented to a conference of business executives; postponed due to COVID
Took a 2-year advanced number theory course organized by a university in collaboration with one of my teachers
MUN club member; earned awards at international conferences
Martial Artist for 8 years; Participated in national tournaments
Did traditional greek dancing for 4 years; My dancing academy represented greece in balkan cultural event
2 CTY john hopkins summer camps
One summer camp organized by the national mathematics society, preparation for national math competition where ive been distinguised a couple of times
Volunteering:
Core member and financial codirector at a registered NGO aiming to spread STEM education throughout Africa; (Organization has organized science fairs in nigeria, and hosts regular online lessons on various topics. Now planning a summer camp, if covid dies down); currently working with the department of finance to construct an "HQ" of sorts for the org in Nigeria made out of plastic bottles.
Volunteered for 2 years at an organization where i did private tutoring to immigrants and refugees
Others:
Member of school's debate (rhetoric club)
Published a couple of articles at school newspaper
President of school student council once
Random 1 time volunteering events such as helping school organize paraolympics event
My bet: rejection/deferral (since yale rea decisions are overwhelmingly deferrals) However, i did get an interview which had gravity for yale this year, and it did go amazingly.
Help the youth of Nigeria Gain Access to VR/AR hardware
Hello my name is Paul Bronstein I live in Miami, FL and I am the founder of XR-LABS a startup in Miami, FL that focuses on creating and offering consulting Virtual Solutions and Products for B2B, B2C, and B2G https://www.xr-labs.io/ I was contacted by Kelvin Ogba Dafiaghor founder of Ogba Educational Clinic in Nigeria that focuses Ogba Educational Clinic empowers Nigerian youth with an applicable, transformative education that equips them to make a tangible impact in Nigeria through 21st-century jobs. https://preview.redd.it/5wqhtvf2p8761.jpg?width=1870&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=5a497a8ec54d8b76da3a1c1e4bc7590d397f6822 Ogba Clinic v3 (4).pptx This is their pitch deck which highlights the timeline and costs that has taken for Mr. Dafiaghor to build this amazing initiative https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ItiJl8aBld3LFKFnBm7dnOxW8CEpjcC\_/view?usp=sharing https://preview.redd.it/69kdsj65p8761.jpg?width=807&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=c7c69366822921e0e4f558136c49db5305b21584 The OEC has implemented a safe environment to recruit young at-risk Nigerians (ages 9–25 ) and provide them with a healthy environment, thoughtfully designed to promote education and sound decision making for students of all genders and any physical challenges as well. You can learn more details on this pitch deck that Mr. Dafiaghor created for 2020 The OEC was born out of a desire to boost STEM education in Nigeria; the Education system pays little or no attention to students’ real growth in this area, which is needed in our modern-day world. The learning process is theoretically oriented, with just a number of few practices to support learning. Hence, there is always a low assimilation rate in education. This is coped with the fact that the government with their redundant attitude towards education has led to needless strikes actions by various unions in a bid to but forth their demands. Suffice to say, some of these industrial actions stay on for months and on a rare occasion; years. The student is at the receiving end of this lapse. So, therefore, the OEC was founded to bridge this gap using modern technology. Due to the very high unemployment rates in Nigeria, with many young people having limited access to the internet, they have resorted to internet fraud and other online betting, damaging society. OEC, therefore, came in to fetch this pool of talent into a centralized environment in the hub and teach them how to use these talents in a positive light by teaching them necessary software skills and digital technologies. The OEC provides a much-needed power supply, lunch, laptops for those who cannot buy one, data to surf the web, and a conducive learning environment. These provisions encourage the students to learn these skills despite their low financial standing. As you can see in the pitch deck the OEC has been able to get a foothold on acquiring and teaching their students how to work with AI technology and reaching out to Global STEM education institutions. We want to give you that your company or Non-profit the gift of helping Kevin's students attain the tools and knowledge to be able to develop and work in developing VR and AR Technology and applications https://preview.redd.it/tm6u4f2bp8761.jpg?width=577&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=86a3e05c4aaf155587fa40a22a4ddd6814ff0871 So we ask that you help us fund or donate the following equipment 1) 5 VR Standalone or Desktop VR Headsets 2) 5 PC workstations to develop and connect the HMD's 3) 1-5 AR Headsets that can work as standalone devices or tethered to a Desktop/Laptop Windows Computer 4) Sanitation products for the XR Hardware We are looking to ship the Hardware directly to the clinic in Nigeria https://preview.redd.it/eneoquq7p8761.jpg?width=1965&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=c1999e3b9fa0723ab1a730cabb8feb1e8f21d7db In Mr. Dafiaghor own words this why they need access to VAR hardware and software "We are human beings, and human beings are simply one organism functioning interdependently with literally countless other living things. The world isn’t designed expressly for us, which is a matter of theological and metaphysical contemplation. By suspending disbelief, the same way we do when we read a novel or watch a movie, an artificial reality can be designed to enable experimental learning, scenario-based learning, social learning, workplace training, and more. Virtual reality can be used for pure entertainment–digital toys, video games, or, as you can see in the video above, to swim with whales. How it turns out, who knows? This is all (possibly overly-enthusiastic) rambling right now. Virtual reality will allow us to create an environment for simulated interactions. Anything, Any machine, Any classroom with any activities for any purpose. It will be the ultimate classroom. The word classroom is stuffed full of limitations" 📷 If you want to read the full document please click here https://drive.google.com/file/d/1eYXi_PxVRHuaElWSdzpkpd1fFku8C-9d/view?usp=sharing (And it will be attached to the email) Please join us here at XR-LABS and the OEC to give the local youth at the Educational Clinic students a real opportunity to start developing Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality software and create a thriving future for the Youth of Nigeria and give them the real opportunity to create potential MVPs and road maps to start up more Educational clinics throughout the African Continent To conclude this call to action please check out this Youtube video recorded at the OEC that shows you why the students there why they need VR and AR hardware https://www.youtube.com/watch?fbclid=IwAR1lJ2yQVh0-16ab19VAGVYm\_GA7iE7O4Ml2QV3iSV3g1XZDtfZtGbEGEqs&v=Xi4aCQBRnyg&feature=youtu.be Wish you a Merry Christmas and a Happy Holidays Paul Bronstein CEO and Founder of XR-LABS LLC
A not-so-brief rundown of the letters N-Q in Jeffrey Epstein's 'Little Black Book'
Below is a rundown of the letters N-Q under Epstein's contacts. Last year, I wrote about letters A-C. You can check that out here (https://www.reddit.com/conspiracy/comments/cpis3n/a_brief_rundown_of_the_first_ten_pages_of_jeffrey/). I also wrote about letters D-F on July 5, 2020. You can check that out here (https://www.reddit.com/conspiracy/comments/hlrba8/a_notsobrief_rundown_of_letters_df_in_jeffrey/). I posted letters G-I on July 13, 2020. You can check that out here (https://www.reddit.com/conspiracy/comments/hqko0y/a_notsobrief_rundown_of_letters_gi_in_jeffrey/). I posted letters J-L on July 15, 2020. You can check that out here (https://www.reddit.com/conspiracy/comments/hrq9bg/a_notsobrief_rundown_of_letters_jl_of_jeffrey/). I posted letter M on July 20, 2020. You can check that out here (https://www.reddit.com/conspiracy/comments/huw0yt/a_notsobrief_rundown_of_the_letter_m_in_jeffrey/). There are some misspelled names. Epstein entered their names like this. I have bolded some of the more interesting connections and information, but there could be much more that I overlooked. I hope something here strikes an interest in someone and maybe we can get more investigations out of this. Please, if you know anything more about any of these people than what is presented here, post below. I am working off of the unredacted black book found here: https://www.coreysdigs.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Jeffrey-Epsteins-Little-Black-Book-unredacted.pdf N Nadler, Emanuel: Businessman involved in mortgage companies. Nagel, Adam: Works at W Nagel, broker and advisor to premier diamond manufacturers, such as De Beers. Nagel, William: Chairman of W Nagel. Diamond merchant. Nardi, Dott M Jacope: No info found. Nastasse, Ilie & Alex: Ilie was one of the best professional tennis players in the ‘70s. He has been accused of inappropriate behavior by Maria Shriver and others, although this refers to classless comments not physical abuse. Ilie is also well-known for his sexual exploits, as it claimed that he has slept with anywhere between 800-900 women. Alexandra is Ilie’s 2nd wife. They were married for 17 years. Negrete, Jelitza: A Countess and descendant of European nobility (http://www.almanachdegotha.org/id197.html). Her family name is Karolyi. I couldn’t find any more info. Neil, Andrew: British journalist and broadcaster. Founding Chairman of Sky TV (owned by Murdoch). Also served as Editor for Rupert Murdoch’s The Sunday Times from ‘83-’94. Later became a contributor to The Daily Mail and just recently had his political program cancelled by the BBC. Neil, Andrew: Same as above. Newman, Hetty: Second wife of the 7th Earl of Caledon. Now divorced. Newman, Mr & Mrs John: John is Hetty’s father. He achieved the rank of Lieutenant in the Royal Horse Guards. He later became a businessman and was director of several companies. Ng, Clive: A media financier and executive. Niarchos, Constantine: Billionaire son of shipping magnate Stavros Niarchos. Was once married to Alessandra Borghese of Italian papal lineage (and black nobility). He was also romantically linked to Koo Stark, Trinny Woodhall, and Kerry Kennedy (daughter of Bobby Kennedy), all of whom are in Epstein’s ‘black book’. Constantine died of an overdose with enough cocaine in his system to kill 25 men (https://www.theguardian.com/theobserve1999/oct/17/life1.lifemagazine7). Nickerson, William & Jayne: William seems to be an architect and interior designer. Jayne is a fashion editostylist who is friends with Naomi Campbell (https://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-7645409/Jayne-Pickering-asks-expert-designer-wardrobe-actually-nest-egg.html). Her and William are now divorced. Nishio, Yoshi: Former Goldman Sachs trader. Noel, Alix: Socialite married to a wealthy banker. Friend of Allegra Hicks, who has constantly popped up among Epstein’s contacts. Noel, Hon Thomas: Son of Anthony Noel, 5th Earl of Gainsborough. Noel, Vanessa: Luxury shoe designer, hotelier, and gallery owner. Many celebrities are clients of hers. Noha, Cecilia: Possibly meant to be Cecilia Noah, former Miss Sweden (1978). Noonan, Tim: Tax lawyer. Nuttall, Harry: Former Formula One driver turned sports marketing entrepreneur. O’Donnell, Mr Carletto: Financier. Friend of Princess Michael of Kent (King George V’s grandson). O’Neill, Louis: An American diplomat and attorney. Has worked for the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), the Obama administration, the State Department, and as Special Assistant of Russian Affairs for Colin Powell. Oates, Simon: British actor who died in 2009. Oates, Tom: Former investment director at BlackRock, an investment management company. Ojora, Yinka: CEO and/or Director of a number of investing groups in Nigeria. Olsen, Camille: Friend of Ghislaine Maxwell (https://www.gettyimages.co.uk/detail/news-photo/leilani-johnson-donna-dcruz-patricia-vel%C3%A1squez-ghislaine-news-photo/1169681661?adppopup=true). Don’t know much else, but she has been photographed at these high society parties fairly frequently. Omar, Ralph: No info found. Ong BS & Chritina: Christina is a Singaporean hoteliebusinesswoman who is heavily involved with Club 21 (a luxury fashion brand) and COMO Hotels and Resorts. She runs all of the Armani outlets in Britain, as well as the franchises for Donna Karan, Prada, and Bvlgari. Christina and her husband, Beng Seng, are worth $1.9 billion. Ong, Melissa: Christina and BS’s daughter. Oppenheim, Mr Laurie: Oppenheim worked as an executive at Marks and Spencer, a British retail chain, for nearly 30 years. Oppenheim has also served as a Trustee for a children’s charity called… The Honeypot Children’s Charity (https://www.honeypot.org.uk/what-we-do/meet-the-team/#our-trustees) since 1998 (https://uk.linkedin.com/in/laurie-oppenheim-22ab7512?challengeId=AQGP2jc2VAYQXwAAAXN6h0UrQXFHXyzrAP28ks5TK1rXMSHM5kNgtLMIfKERVP65UG0_eg9Az_1EjABS1pQqIpz9a69ZXhKpVw&submissionId=2923537f-6250-2416-4d31-f9585e45dc7b). I wish I was kidding. That’s the actual name. Oppenheim was also one of the attendees of an auction for the children’s charity, KIDS (https://www.tatler.com/gallery/wallace-collection-fundraiser), which is populated with Epstein contacts Rosa Monckton and Liz Hurley, and other high profile people such as David Cameron, Elton John, David Furnish, Cherie Booth, and Cathy Newman. The auction was led by Jacob Rothschild. Other attendees that also appear in Epstein’s contacts include Lady Forte (Allai Forte) and Arpad Busson, one of the potential pedophile ringleaders who I wrote about last year (https://www.reddit.com/conspiracy/comments/cl34ju/arpad_busson_billionaire_businessman_or_possible/). Oppenheim, Ms Marella: This likely refers to the documentary photographer and former journalist of The Guardian. Orchard (Vaughn-Edward), Katie: Catherine is a very close friend of Ghislaine Maxwell’s. She allowed Ghislaine to use her address as the business address for the TerraMar Project, a charity that Maxwell created. Catherine also served as Trustee and co-director of the charity (https://www.tatler.com/article/where-on-earth-is-ghislaine-maxwell). Orlando, Fabrice: CEO of Cocoon Events Management Group, a luxury event planning company based out of Morocco. Osbourne Rachel: British businesswoman who has served as director for several companies. Oswald, William & Arabella: William co-founded Twins (https://twins.org.uk/governance/), a children’s charity that “links UK schools with schools in areas hit by natural disasters and/or need, both for practical support and for cultural understanding” (https://twins.org.uk/). William works as a director at several companies, including Keyspace Self Storage, Bluepod Media, and SG Capital Partners. William’s father is the National Hunt racing adviser to the Queen, and before that, the Queen Mother. Arabella is his wife and the daughter of the 6th Marquess of Exeter. Otto, Beo & Edvige: Not positive. Seems that Edwige works in stock trading in France (if I have the correct person). No info on Beo. Owen Edmunds, Tom & Kate: Kate is a novelist. Her ex-husband, Tom, is a photographer. Oxenberg Christina marc Yaggi: Christina is a writer and fashion designer. Her mother is Princess Elizabeth of Yugoslavia. Her grandparents were Prince Paul of Yugoslavia and Princess Olga of Greece and Denmark. Due to all of the inbreeding between European royals, Christine is a cousin of the Royal Family. Oxenberg used to attend dinner parties at Epstein’s and was also friends with Ghislaine (https://www.townandcountrymag.com/society/tradition/a30222833/christina-oxenberg-instagram-patreon-memoi). Oxenberg intends to talk to the FBI about Epstein and Maxwell (https://www.tatler.com/article/christina-oxenberg-speaks-to-fbi-about-ghislaine-maxwell-and-jeffrey-epstein). Marc Yaggi is Executive Director of Waterkeeper Alliance, where Oxenberg was once a writer. Paini, Nicole: Nicola is a Managing Partner at Rothschild & Co (https://app.mergerlinks.com/people/nicola-paini). Palau, Marcia: No info found, although her address indicates that she is wealthy. Cheyne Walk is a street that politicians, musicians, and celebrities have all called home. Palmer Tomkinson Tara: Socialite and TV personality with tons of A-list contacts. Her family is very close with the Royal Family. Tara was a cocaine addict who eventually died of an ulcer in 2017. Prince Charles was her godfather. Palumbo, Mr James: Baron Palumbo of Southwark is an entrepreneur and a member of the House of Lords. Co-founder of Ministry of Sound nightclub. Major donor to the Liberal Democrats political party. Palumbo, Peter: Father of James (above). Baron Palumbo is a property developer who sat on the House of Lords from 1991-2019. Former polo teammate and close friend of Prince Charles until they had a falling out. Confidant of Princess Diana. Godfather of Princess Beatrice of York, the elder daughter of Prince Andrew. Peter denies ever having met Epstein. Panah-Izadi, Nader & Brigitte: Nader is an investment manager. Brigitte is his wife. Couldn’t find anything else. Pank, Ms Victoria & Alby Carto: No info found. Parker, Jackie: Management consultant who sits on the board of several companies. Also the head of global philanthropy for General Motors. Parsons, Carolina: A Chilean model and model scout who has worked for big name designers. Here she is with her friend, Naomi Campbell (https://twitter.com/caroparsons/status/605883012492886016/photo/1). She can also be seen in a picture with Harvey Weinstein at the bottom of this article (https://www.biobiochile.cl/noticias/espectaculos-y-tv/notas-espectaculos-tv/2020/06/01/carolina-parsons-niega-tajantemente-conocer-a-epstein-tras-aparecer-en-supuesta-lista-de-contactos.shtml), which posts her claims that she never knew Epstein. Paschan, Elise: Famous poet. Pashcow, Joel: Real estate magnate. He is a past trustee of the Children’s Medical Center at Long Island Jewish Hospital and trustee at ACLD, a charity for developmentally disabled children and adults. He is also on the Board of Directors of the Palm Beach police and fire foundation (https://www.palmbeachpoliceandfirefoundation.org/joel-m-pashcow-bio). Pashcow has flown on Epstein’s jets (https://i.redd.it/hcfoxsb8feb51.png) and has been to pedo island. In fact, Pashcow appears 8 times(!!) on one this released flight log, including once with his wife (https://archive.org/stream/EpsteinFlightLogsLolitaExpress/Jeffrey-Epstein-Flight-Logs-in-PDF-format_djvu.txt). Epstein has 19 entries for Pashcow in his ‘black book’. Here is Pashcow at the Policeman’s Ball, which Trump frequently hosts at Mar-A-Lago (https://westpalmbeach.floridaweekly.com/articles/10th-annual-policemans-ball-mar-a-lago-club-palm-beach/). Pashcow is a ‘Crystal Sponsor’ of the Palm Beach Police Foundation alongside Donald Trump (https://trustedpartner.azureedge.net/docs/pbpolicefoundation2017/news/PBPF_Newsletter_Winter_Spring_2015_TGOFPNMX.pdf). Pashcow, Stacey: Joel Pashcow’s daughter. A luxury real estate agent for The Corcoran Group. Here’s Stacey at a Valentino-hosted luncheon. Ghislaine Maxwell was also in attendance (https://guestofaguest.com/new-york/fashion/valentino-whets-appetite-for-food-and-fashion-at-fallwinter-2009-capsule-collection-preview-luncheon). Pastrana, Andres: Former president of Colombia (1998-2002). His father was president of Colombia from 1970-1974). Pastrana was forced to admit flying on Epstein’s ‘Lolita Express’ after the flight logs were released (https://colombiareports.com/colombias-former-president-on-jeffrey-epsteins-lolita-jet-flight-logbook/). According to this article, Ghislaine Maxwell claims to have flown a Blackhawk helicopter in Colombia and fired a rocket into a terrorist camp (https://observer.com/2002/11/vikram-chatwal-turban-cowboy/). There is no time period for when this supposedly occurred, but it could have happened while Pastrana was president. Patricof, Alan & Susan: Alan is an investor, venture capitalist, and private equity magnate. Patricof served as the national finance chairman for Hillary Clinton’s 2008 campaign (https://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/20/us/politics/20donor.html?scp=19&sq=alan%20patricof&st=cse). From 1990-2016, the Patricofs donated $1,152,637 to Hillary’s campaigns (https://www.opensecrets.org/pres16/bundlers). Alan is also a trusted friend of Jared Kushner, Donald Trump’s son-in-law (https://www.politico.com/story/2017/06/29/jared-kushner-inner-circle-confidants-240116), proving once again that PARTISANSHIP IS BULLSHIT. THEY ARE ALL CONNECTED. Susan is his 2nd wife. Her brother, Craig Hatkoff, appears in Epstein’s contacts under ‘H’. Alan and Susan’s son, Jonathan, is President of Tribeca Enterprises, the company that owns and operates the Tribeca Film Festival. Their other son, Jamie, is a TV and movie producer. His wife, Kelly Sawyer Patricof, is the co-founder of Baby2Baby (https://baby2baby.org/who-we-are/#team), a children’s charity that helps children (0-12) living in poverty. Paulson, John: Billionaire hedge fund manager. Pavoncelli, Cosima & Riccardo: Cosima is a socialite and the daughter of Claus and Sunny von Bulow. Her husband, Riccardo, is an Italian banker. Pearson Hon Charles: Son of the Third Viscount Cowdray and owner of the 53,000 acre Dunecht estate. Pease, Simon & Clem: Simon was a successful custodian of the family’s Underley Estate. He was also a High Sheriff of Cumbria. Passed away in 2007. Clementine was his wife. Pedrini Lorenzo: President and co-partner of Fashion Model Management. Pedrini is former Co-President at Next Management, where he was a partner along with Faith Kates and (alleged) pedophile/accomplice/supplier, Jean-Luc Brunel (https://www.thedailybeast.com/jeffrey-epsteins-ties-to-the-modeling-industry-go-much-deeper-than-victorias-secret). Pedrini Tito: Jeweller. Pekeler, Marcus: Communications consultant in Switzerland. Peltz, Harlan: Co-founder of iBorrow, a private commercial real estate lender. Literally lives around the block from Epstein’s NYC mansion. Pennell, Mark: Australian movie produceactor. Perelman, Ronald: Billionaire investor. Perelman hosted a dinner party with Epstein, Bill Clinton, Don Fowler, Don Johnson, and Jimmy Buffett all the way back in 1995, when Clinton was still president (https://www.ntd.com/bill-clinton-dined-with-jeffrey-epstein-in-1995-predating-public-timeline-report_355103.html). Perelman is also a good friend of Donald Trump and has given hundreds of thousands of dollars to his campaign. Lives about a half mile away from Epstein’s NYC mansion. Petangi, Helsius: Son of Ivo Pitanguy, plastic surgeon to the stars. Peters, John: Movie producer and former hairdresser. He produced Superman Returns (2006), which was directed by (alleged) sexual abuser Bryan Singer. In 2011, Peters had to pay a former assistant $3.3 million after finding that she was sexually harassed during production of Superman Returns. Peters married Pamela Anderson earlier this year, but they separated after 12 days. Peterson, Holly: Journalist, novelist, and producer for ABC News. Friends with CNN host (and brother of Governor Andrew Cuomo) Chris Cuomo’s wife (https://pagesix.com/2014/08/22/more-than-1m-in-jewels-on-display-at-hamptons-tea-party/). This is the 2nd connection to the Cuomos in Epstein’s contacts. He has Andrew Cuomo and ex-wife Kerry Kennedy listed as well. Ghislaine attended a party to celebrate one of Holly’s books (https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/ghislaine-maxwell-caryn-zucker-peter-brown-and-barbara-news-photo/1169681635?adppopup=true). Peterson, Riki: Not enough info. Best guess is an investment banker of the same name. Pham Linh-Dan + Andrew: Linh-Dan is a Vietnamese actress. Her husband, Andrew, is an investment banker. Picasso, Olivier & Alice: Olivier is the grandson of Pablo Picasso. Alice is an actress and Olivier’s former fiance. Picciotto, Michael: Vice-Chairman at Engels & Volkers AG, a real estate firm. Former head of global financial activities for UBP, a Swiss private bank owned by Picciotto’s family. Pickering, Jane & William: Jayne is a very famous fashion editor. William is her ex-husband. Pignatelli, Frederico: An Italian prince whose family has “aristocratic ties to Pope Innocenzo XII” (https://federicopignatelli.com/). President, owner, and founder of Pier 59 Studios, the world’s largest photo studio complex. Federico was once accused of sexual harassment by his former assistant, but he was acquitted (https://nymag.com/intelligence2010/08/photography_studio_head_federi.html). Pignatelli also has his own modeling agency which is headed by Brunella Casella, the woman responsible for launching the career of scumbag Naomi Campbell, Cindy Crawford, and others (https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-scoops/industry-model-management-new-york-office-10505934/). Pigozzi, Jean: Heir to the CEO of Simca, a French automaker. Pigozzi is also a photographer and fashion designer. Pigozzi regularly attends The Billionaires’ Dinner (https://www.edge.org/the-billionaires-dinner), where he has been pictured with Paul Allen and Princess Olga of Greece. Other regular attendees include Jeffrey Epstein, Bill Gates, Elon Musk, Mark Zuckerberg, Jeff Bezos, Sergey Brin, John Brockman, Matt Groening (creator of The Simpsons and pervert who received a foot massage from 16 year old Virginia Giuffre), and Rupert Murdoch. Pigozzi lived about a mile away from Epstein in NYC. Pigozzi is also a good friend of Ghislaine Maxwell’s (https://www.patrickmcmullan.com/photo/1539229). Pittman, Bob & Veronique: Robert is a co-founder of MTV and CEO of MTV Networks. He has also been CEO and/or COO of other big companies such as AOL Time Warner, Clear Channel, iHeartMedia, Six Flags Theme Parks, Quantum Media, and Century 21 Real Estate. Pittman has partied with Ghislaine Maxwell, Katie Ford (read my D-F thread for more on her), and Andre Balazs (https://pagesix.com/2007/04/28/arboreal-fashion/). Pittman has also been the Director of the One to One Foundation, a charity that works with underprivileged children (https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/1998/02/15/aols-man-with-a-mission/2e4d88f1-288e-4aa5-86b4-acf68b353954/). His home address and work address are both about a mile from Epstein’s NYC mansion. Veronique is his wife. Pittman, Sandy: Former wife of Robert Pittman (above). Sandy is an avid mountain climber. She is allegedly responsible for the death of eight people while climbing Mount Everest, as depicted in the Jake Gyllenhaal movie, Everest (https://nypost.com/2015/09/17/socialite-everest-climber-speaks-out-im-no-villain/). Sandy supposedly refused to stop climbing until they reached a top. A blizzard blasted the mountain, killing eight members of the party. Plepler, Richard: Former Chairman and CEO of HBO. Good friend of Peggy Siegal, the well-known publicist who acted as Epstein’s plug. More on her at a later time. Plouvier, Diane & Denis: Denis is the owner of Trousseau linen company (https://www.denisplouvier.fblank). No info found on Diane. Podolsky, Jeffrey: Writeeditor of such publications as Tatler (again!), People Magazine, Wall Street Journal’s WSJ Magazine, and George. Lives about a ½ kilometer away from Epstein’s NYC mansion. Has been photographed with several Epstein associates (Peggy Siegal, Carol Mack, India Hicks, and others. Polk, George: Financial analyst who served on the Council of Foreign Relations with Epstein. Polk is also a member of the World Economic Forum. Polii, Edoardo: Powerboat champion and textile entrepreneur. Polu, Emmanuelle: Financier at La Nef. Ghislaine Maxwell’s cousin. Polu: Isabelle: Former head of marketing at Microsoft. Became a translator specializing in psychology. Sister of Emmanuelle and cousin of Ghislaine. Polu, Clary: “Marketing director of Lycos and Meetic, wife of the "startup" Christophe Schaming, co-shareholder of Winamax, the online betting company co-founded by the mysterious passenger of theLolita ExpressNicole Junkermann” (http://faitsetdocuments.com/articles.html). Porrin Ivanisevic: No info found, but the work phone number listed traces back to Globana Media Group, a printing, publishing, and multimedia group. Porter, Pliny: Movie producer. Close friend of Julia Roberts. Porthault, Emmanuele: No info found. Porthault, Mr & Mrs: Marc Porthault runs the family linen business, D Porthault. Marc’s parents founded the company. Clients include Bill Gates, Woody Allen, the Mellons, and the Kennedys. Marc’s wife, Isabelle, is the head of human resources of Chanel in Europe. Porthault, Pascal: No info found. Porthault, Remi & Isabel: Remi is the marketing director and president of the U.S. subsidiary of D Porthault linens. Poster, Meryl: Former President of Television at The Weinstein Company. Before that, she was Co-President of Production for Miramax Films. A phone number connected to Meryl Poster was found in Epstein co-conspirator Sarah Kellen’s phone records on October 3, 2005. The call lasted one minute (https://www.thedailybeast.com/jeffrey-epsteins-hollywood-pipeline-ran-straight-to-harvey-weinstein). Meryl is pictured here with Ghislaine Maxwell (https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/ghislaine-maxwell-meryl-poster-and-caryn-zucker-attend-news-photo/1169681625). Potter, Muffie: Socialite and former executive at Van Cleef & Arpels, a watch company. Married to famed plastic surgeon, Sherrell Aston. She has been photographed with Ghislaine and Peggy Siegal at various events. Prestin, Electra: Former vice president of merchandising for Ralph Lauren and co-founder of Adam & Eve clothing company. Her father, Lewis T. Preston, was chairman of J.P. Morgan and president of the World Bank (appointed by George H.W. Bush). Her great-grandfather was newspaper publisher Joseph Pulitzer, whom the Pulitzer Prize is named after. Another great-grandfather of hers was a partner in the Standard Oil Company of John D. Rockefeller. Prevost, Catherine: Fashion designer. Price, Charles H. II: Banking CEO who served as U.S. Ambassador to Belgium (1981-1983) and U.S. Ambassador to the U.K. (1983-1989) during the Reagan administration. Price was also on the boards of The New York Times (1989-2002), Texaco (1989-2001), Sprint (1989-1995), British Airways (1989-1996), and other companies. Price, Judy: Founder of Avenue, a magazine about New York City. Princess Firyal: Jerusalem-born Jordanian princess who was once married to Prince Muhammad bin Talal. Firyal was named an UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador in 1992. Princess Firyal launched the International Hope Foundation in 1994 for the benefit of homeless and street children. Firyal holds positions with several museums (The Louvre, The Tate, MOMA, and Guggenheim), as well as positions with Columbia University, New York Public Library, United Nation Association, and International Rescue Committee. Pritzker, Nick: Real estate and venture entrepreneur. Comes from a massively wealthy family who made their money in chewing tobacco. Former president of Hyatt Hotels. Major investor in SpaceX, Tesla, and Uber. Cousin of Thomas (below). Pritzker, Thomas: Billionaire heir and executive chairman of Hyatt Hotels. Cousin of Governor J.B. Pritzker of Illinois. Epstein victim Virginia Giuffre named Pritzker as one of the men she had to have sex with (https://www.tampabay.com/breaking-news/jeffrey-epstein-is-gone-but-allegations-against-powerful-associates-linger-20190810/). Pritzker’s name appears twice on Epstein’s flight logs (https://archive.org/stream/EpsteinFlightLogsLolitaExpress/Jeffrey-Epstein-Flight-Logs-in-PDF-format_djvu.txt). Pritzker is listed as one of the people who has knowledge of Maxwell and Epstein’s sexual trafficking conduct and interaction with underage minors (https://www.the-sun.com/news/778758/jeffrey-epstein-enablers-named-sex-trafficking-underage-victims/). Epstein has 12 phone numbers - including an emergency contact number - and two home addresses listed under Pritzker’s name. What’s even creepier is that there is a subtitle under his name that reads “Numero Uno”. Usually when Epstein adds a subtitle under someone’s name, it indicates what company they work for or a relationship of some kind (ex: X’s husband or Y’s friend). The fact that ‘Numero Uno’ is the subtitle under Pritzker’s name is unsettling, to say the least. Propp, Rodney: Real estate tycoon known for holding onto properties until neighborhoods gentrify. Prunier Christy & David Doss: Doss, David & Christy Prunier: David Doss has worked as producer and/or executive producer on NBC Nightly News with Tom Brokaw, NBC Nightly News with Lester Holt, Oprah in Africa, Primetime (with Diane Sawyer), Anderson Cooper 360, and Live PD. Doss now serves as senior VP of news programming for Al Jazeera America. Christy Prunier is a former Hollywood exec and founder of the Willa brand of beauty products. Pucci, Laudomia: Daughter of fashion icon, Emilio Pucci. Works as Image Director for the eponymous company. Puig Marc: Chief executive and president of Puig, a fragrance and fashion company. Puig Taria: No info found. Puopolo, Sonia: Author and inspirational speaker. Former communications director ofHaute Living, a luxury lifestyle magazine. Her mother died on 9/11 when the airplane she was on crashed into the World Trade Center. Her mother’s close friend, Hillary Clinton, read the eulogy at her funeral (https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2497916/Wedding-ring-9-11-victim-Clinton-family-friend-1-6-million-tons-Ground-Zero-rubble-provide-hope-daughter-died-hit-run-decade-later.html). Puttnam, David: British film producer, educator, and member of the House of Lords. Puttnam was friends with Princess Diana before her passing. Pymont, Chris: One of the top lawyers in Britain. Quartucci, Alan: Founder of North Shore Bloodstock and North Shore Insurance, thoroughbred bloodstock companies that provide equine insurance, consulting services, racehorse management, and more. Quinn, Topper: Investment banker who founded a couple of consulting firms.
By request: My Recap of the Leaked Tell-All video.
A slow descent into madness: an exhaustive recap of the tell all leak Supposedly the leaked video (clocking in at 10+ hours) was the second day filming. I watched the entire thing. This is a rambling list of the thoughts going through my mind while watching, and a fairly comprehensive timeline / summary of events, or at least the juiciest parts. I believe it becomes fairly obvious when my mental state started to decline - I was well into the 5th hour by then. Part 1: David The show begins an hour into the video. A lot of time was spent on David. Asking David the same questions, hoping he’d get a clue. Instead he doubled down on his delusion. David started in this endeavor by going on two trips with a friend over 20 years ago. He states he did not like it - 25 guys meeting 400 women in a big bar. He said it was horrible - he called the women aggressive and professional daters. He went on another trip with 10 guys meeting maybe 40 women in different cities. He describes receiving catalogs of women and selecting specific ones to meet on the trip. A friend he met on one of these trips introduced him to a web site in 2007. Lana does not work for the web site or get paid. According to David, the web sites are US sites, they contract through the agency that vets the “girls”. He insists Lana derives no income from the web site or agency. It’s illegal for him to contact her directly? He pays in order to not be scammed. He has known Lana for 7 years. She was too young at the start - he won’t “date” anyone under 25. He wasn’t talking to Lana for 2.5 years. He’s “dated” 30 girls in Ukraine when he wasn’t talking to Lana. He’s been to Ukraine 20 times. He’s been engaged twice to women over there (and twice in America.) David says Lana is very poor. Has very few clothes and possessions. She only has five pairs of shoes and gets a new pair of sneakers every 3 years or so. She doesn’t speak English. He bought her an iPhone to talk directly but she doesn’t like the keyboard because of her long fingernails. She can’t talk directly to him on the computer because the agency owns the laptop and monitors activity. He’s spent $250,000 to $300,000 on “dating” on these sites. He claims he’s a millionaire so the money is no object. Friends of David appear, say their piece, then disappear. Cesar appears. David had talked to Maria years ago. Said she was high maintenance. Yolanda and Usman join in. Usman has poor connection. Usman leaves. A wild Tom appears. Tom compliments Yolanda’s weight loss. Says he’s not hitting on her, just complimenting her. Tom doesn’t watch much of the show. Says David is his “fast forward couple”. Cesar says he visited Maria. Maria wasn’t happy he showed up. But she met him, they took photos, she asked to see his phone and he realized later she deleted the photos. They spent 10 days together, he got a couple of pecks on the cheek and lips? But no intimacy. Specified no tongue. Maria was “pissed off” that he showed up, refused to meet Cesar if the cameras were there. Wanted him to buy her a $500 pair of shoes and $300 dinner. Tom asks if he packed the chocolate panties. Cesar said he took the beaded candy ones. Yolanda said Cesar DMd her and left his phone number. Cesar says Yolanda is beautiful and that he “loves chocolate” with a Pervy laugh. But he says he was just reaching out as friends. Shaun asks Cesar if he DMs Tom. Tom confirms that he did, and that the alumni reach out to each other. Shaun asks Yolanda if she would date Cesar, she replies with an emphatic no. David went back to Ukraine and met Lana. They kissed, no other intimacy. He proposed, she accepted (they show clips.) Lana is still on the dating sites. David is still on the dating sites because Lana is. Lana is still on the site because that’s where her only friends are, David basically describes her as a shut in with no friends. At one point later in the show he drops the bombshell “love has nothing to do with it.” Ed appears. He’s holding Teddy (against the dog’s will) on his lap. Ed shouts into his mic. He yells repeatedly about David being scammed for the better part of 18 minutes. David gets excitable. Yells about this being bullshit. Yells at Tom that Darcey was still talking to other guys. The current status of the relationship? David thinks they’re not together. He hasn’t communicated with Lana in 6 days. But their engagement hasn’t been broken. So they’re engaged but no longer together? Lana refuses to participate because she’s getting hate mail from guys who have seen the show accusing her of being a scammer. Stephanie appears. Stephanie says she thinks it’s disgusting that Lana is being discussed like she’s a commodity. Points out that their relationship is transactional. David and Ed are screaming at each other over her. Stephanie Commends David for not worrying about spending $100,000 while Ed freaked out about spending $2. A clip of David proposing to Lana with a prop fake ring shows. David says the jeweler advises not buying a real diamond because he didn’t know her ring size. Says she wants to choose her own ring. Return to Ed and David arguing. Usman appears. David is getting heated. Bottom Line: David’s retiring to move to Ukraine, but started the K1 process. Shaun wraps the segment with David still arguing at the 3-hour mark. Shaun leaves (possibly to drink heavily - I would be if I was her.) I forgot to note that at some point Tom made a remark to Ed about him not being able to see his toes. It was a joke, but went completely missed by everyone else. David, Ed, Stephanie and Usman chit chat. Usman sings a bit. Part 2: Yolanda We resume at 3:30 with Yolanda. Yolanda had the flu at the beginning of December. She was in a coma for a month and was on a ventilator for 3 weeks. Her kidneys and liver were failing. Her doctor now believes she had Covid-19. She did not hear from Williams during that time. She heard from him just a couple of months ago. She didn’t tell him about her coma, he was talking about his aunt dying so it “didn’t come up.” He didn’t reach out directly, he went through “sweetberry” (?) on Instagram to ask if he could contact her again. Yolanda’s daughter and a PI the daughter hired join in. PI says the accounts have ties to Nigerian scammers. Usman joins. He knows nothing about Nigerian scammers, doubts they’re Nigerian. Usman leaves. Darcey joins. She’s wearing a platinum blonde wig, primping a bit, trying to center herself on the bed she’s sitting on. She’s nodding along to absolutely nothing, shaking her head and smiling periodically like she’s involved in a totally different conversation than we are seeing. Daughter and PI leave. Shaun asks Darcey what she thinks about Yolanda and Williams. Darcey goes into a spiel about being a target and people on IG preying on her. Starts talking about Jesse and Tom. Says she spent a lot of money on Jesse, says she helped Tom financially and bought him clothes and gifts. Goes into a tangent of non-specific items, won’t provide a direct answer on how much she spent but finally claims she spent $2000 on Tom. Erika appears. Shaun tries to get back on the topic of Yolanda and Willams. Shaun asks Erika about her opinion on The Williams mystery IG account and the blackmail. Darcey uses that opportunity to talk about being targeted by a “network of people” that was calculated by “people in different countries to target certain people around the world.” “Maybe Nigeria was a part of it, Maybe England was a part of it”. After Tom, Darcey says she met someone who targeted her, says it was a couple she knew and Tom was a part of it, says IP addresses traced to Nottingham and there’s a network of people targeting women around the world. Darcey claims her second time in Amsterdam she was robbed while shopping after Jesse told her to leave her passport if she was going out shopping. Later says pickpocketed. Implies that the robbery was a setup by Jesse. Shaun tries to redirect the subject back to Yolanda and Williams. Lisa appears. Lisa jumps right in with her expertise about Yahoo Boys, G-Men and grooming people. Darcey drops off and Usman reappears. Lisa’s gravelly voice takes on a fake Nigerian accent as they yell “baby love” at each other. Lisa goes on about her social media expertise. Explains the three different cultures of Nigeria. She tells Yolanda to join the Facebook Group SSA: Scamming Scammers Action that Lisa is a big part of. They convince Yolanda to try to call Williams on speakerphone. No answer. Lisa is also an expert in African and Nigerian accents FYI. Erika leaves. David reappears. Lisa dominates the conversation. Keeps recounting conversations and events of hackings and stuff. Lisa starts talking about Blood Rituals. Sacrifices. Money rituals. Voodoo dolls. Kidnappings. Killing people to bring luck in scamming people. They believe in black magic and juju. Lisa and Usman keep interrupting each other. Usman has never heard of this. Lisa insists this is real. Go to SSA on Facebook, all the proof is there. Yolanda, David and Shaun are stunned silent. Usman is trying to fact check Lisa’s completely far-fetched theories. Lisa purses her beak. Finally, Shaun redirects. Yolanda says she’s done. If she hears from Williams again she’s done. Yolanda is getting DMs all the time offering to FaceTime her. David tells her to go get her Groove back in Jamaica. Yolanda and David both get DMs encouraging them to hook up since they’re both in Vegas. We are 5 hours 10 minutes in. Let’s see a clip! We see Lana before she met David. She’s at the gym. She’s walking around Kiev in a silver puffer jacket and Nikes. She using her iPhone (with her short nails) to take pictures. She’s shopping for makeup. She’s sipping a latte in a cafe while typing on her laptop. She’s talking to a friend on her iPhone. She talks about America. She knows that you can get married quickly in Las Vegas. She tells her friend she has an exciting day tomorrow “I’m meeting an American.” Her friend asks if he’s wealthy. Shaun points out the inconsistencies in Lana’s apparent poverty and David’s understanding of her circumstances. David says “that’s not real”. We spent the next 10 minutes or so with Yolanda, Usman, Lisa and Shaun trying to talk some sense into David. It doesn’t work. Shaun leaves for a break. Ash appears. We spend the next while discussing quarantine. Ash hadn’t heard about Yolanda being sick, his eyes get wide when he hears her coma tale. They’re talking about lockdowns and restrictions and being able to go where you want. David thinks they’re talking about Ash being able to visit the US on his Australian passport. Lisa’s ex-husband just got out of prison. David lives in a rental house that’s being sold in a month. Yolanda asks if people read their tweets. Lisa has a stalker with 25 accounts. Lisa now has her phone number and address. She’s going to have her arrested and “put charges against her”. David gets death threats. Back to Yolanda and the Covid. David leaves. Tom returns. He asks how many bottles of lube Lisa and Usman used raw dogging it. She said none - I’m guessing she just peed on him a la Dinyell. More R-rated banter. Lisa tells Tom to ask about Usman refusing to join the mile high club. Ash looks stunned into silence. Maybe a bit frightened. He’s retreated to his nothing box. Usman tries to explain about the 70%, that it’s a B and a compliment. Tom asks why she paid twice the going rate for a goat. Lots of goat talk. Peeing goat talk. Showering the goat. Walking in sandals through mud and goat shit. Tom makes a crack about not being the only cast members showering with animals. Ash asks about Ed showering with Rosemarie’s father? Then his feed goes out. Lisa starts talking about gross food. Tom are goat brain in Albania. Lisa starts everything with “Usman, tell them about the time...” then just talks over him to tell the story herself. Stephanie appears. Ed appears. Usman leaves. Lisa tells them about the armed convoy everywhere they went. Ed wants to know about the goat. More goat tales. 7 hour 10 minute mark. Part 3: Lisa and Usman Shaun is back with Lisa and Usman. We lose Usman. Lisa had surgery. She hurt her baby toe before going to Nigeria. Ruptured a blood vessel. It swelled up in Africa. Returned to the US with a dead/dying toe. Got infected, went gangrenous, was amputated. Usman returns. The next segment is insufferable. Usman says Lisa calls him a N***** frequently. Lisa screams about opening a can of worms. Usman asks if American women are all like this. Lisa and Usman are married but keep blocking each other. Lisa is Usman’s first serious relationship. Lisa freaks out about women on Usman’s comments and in his DMs. Says she’s seen the other girls Usman dated, they’re “3 times my size”. They fight about Trish Playtas. Lisa talks over Usman. Yells, curses, threatens. Enter Giant and Aba (?) after 25 minutes of toxic bullshit. Lisa talks about getting “gangbanged”. (I think she means ganged up on, but she’s so cringe who can tell.) Lisa has a screaming match. Hangs up because she was “mistreated and disrespected”. Enter Lisa’s friend Nikki. Nikki screams about disrespect for the next forever. Lisa returns. There’s endless raspy screeching about bitches, clowns, motherfuckers and more disrespect. Fuck you. Fuck outta here. Shaun loses all control. Aba and Nikki scream at each other some more. Shaun gives up. She is writing something just below the screen. I suspect it’s her resignation letter. Finally Shaun redirects the conversation. She brings up the polygamy. If Lisa has an egg and can tote it, Usman doesn’t want another wife. If Lisa can’t squat and hatch Usman’s offspring, he will take another wife. Cue Lisa’s expertise on polygamy. Clip Roll: the night before the wedding, Lisa storms off and disrespects Usman’s brothers the night before the wedding. Lisa cackles. Avery and Ed appear. Usman and Lisa keep arguing. Shaun asks Avery’s perception. Avery asks “where is the love?” All she sees is them screaming over each other and assert themselves. Before Lisa can respond Ed jumps in. Lisa calls the kettle black and says Avery and Ed aren’t portrayed well. Ed started to watch the show after he decided to be on it. Ed compliments Usman for being calm and respectful and not using any foul words. Lisa Cackles. Ed calls her a bull in a china shop “no disrespect”. Says he thought she was the definition of a narcissist, but says she’s actually the definition of delusional. Lisa interrupts. Usman starts singing. Lisa and Ed scream over each other. Lisa tells Avery to shut up, says she went on Ed’s live drunk and making an ass of herself. Ed keeps screaming “delusional”. Lisa calls Avery a drunk. Avery tells Usman “not all American women are like that”, Lisa rebounds with “that’s why Ash dumped your ass.” Ed tells Usman there are many more nicer women. Ed: she treated you like a piece of shit. She treated you like a slave. Lisa: you are a piece of shit! Ed: you made America Sick! Lisa: Ed Fuck You! Fuck You! Lisa: you abused Rose to go on this show because no fucking other woman would! You fucking used her (x 5). Shut the fuck up. More screaming over each other. Usman begs Ed to calm down. Lisa: you’re going to let this fucking pervert who’s got charges for sexual harassment... you’re going to let this idiot come at me with the fucking charges he’s got? This fucking pervert has been grooming women. The women are coming out of the woodwork saying Ed has molested them, he’s groomed them, and god only knows what the fuck else he did to them. More screaming. Ed: the internet is fake! Lisa: Harry (producer) remove these two right now! Lisa calls them Thing 1 and Thing 2 and demands Harry remove them. Ed gets cut. Lisa continues to scream at Avery about glass houses. Tom appears. Usman is yelling now. Shaun tries to gain control. Tom: I was nervous delivering that letter to Darcey but coming in to this conversation is wild! Shaun brings up the polygamy subject again. Lisa might move to Nigeria for The Other Way. Shaun disappears. Avery drops. Lisa says “Tom, this is all for show. It’s a dog and horse, pony show I call it.” Tom blows smoke up her ass. His idea of love is apparently jealousy, anger and disrespect. He says it’s obvious they love each other because apparently only people truly in love can be that hateful and vicious and angry to each other. Shaun is back. Darcey appears. Usman is singing. Darcey is swaying to Soja Boy, slurring, “do it big! Lisa, Be the queen!” Darcey’s been in the sauce. Usman tells Lisa to cover her bra. More second wife talk. Tom asks a question about what kind of second wife Usman would have. Darcey says something. Shaun asks Lisa a question. Usman freaks out and screams “Tom asked me a question, let me answer the question”. This leads to Lisa screaming at Shaun about disrespecting Usman, screams at the producer “you better tell this hostess to shut her mouth” shut up! Shut up!” Usman keeps yelling. Shaun trying to calm everyone. Lisa: Barb! Barb! Barb! Do you hear me? It’s time to cut her now! Barb! Cut her now! Barb! Cut the fucking thing, cut it now! She’s disrespecting Usman! Fucking stop it! Stop it barb! Fuck off! Darcey looks like a confused bobble head. Lisa hangs up. Usman and Darcey talk about Trish Playtas. Darcey: things are don’t differently in America, I’ve been in the entertainment industry way before Tom, way before Jesse. Usman starts to explain going live with Trish. Lisa returns. Part 4: Wrap Ups and “where does your relationship stand?” Shaun turns to Darcey and Tom, asks where the future of their relationship is. Lisa and Usman respond loudly, not letting them talk. Finally, Lisa and Usman are gone. Tom: friends maybe blah blah blah great mom, good person, wish you the best. Darcey: my journey, my daughters, my brother who passed blah blah blah don’t want toxic negativity Ash and Avery return: same question Ash is worried about his hair being cut off on the screen. Ash started the journey with the intent to propose. Says he loves her. Breaking up was the hardest thing. Future is going to be looking after his family. Ash answers the question in a concise, straight forward manner. Just kidding. He uses a lot of words to absolutely avoid answering anything. Avery says this is a hard question to ask someone who just separated. She trails off. I think... I don’t... I wanted... honestly... Erika and Stephanie return: where do you stand? Not even friends. Can they ever be friends? Stephanie says best case is friends from afar. Erika says they’ve been friends and fought many many times. She came in today wanting to speak and wasn’t able to do that, but doesn’t hold any hate. It’s going to be hard to see any of this in a positive light. Erika didn’t get a change to express that she took a big step coming out to her parents then Stephanie dumped her the next morning. Stephanie came out to her mom too apparently, but it wasn’t like Erika’s coming out (receptive and kind). Pick up lines: Asking what they’ve been doing during the quarantine, will air at the beginning of the show. (Erika makes earrings!) Shaun has to rephrase the question to Stephanie to ask specifically about... HER ILLNESS! Bet you didn’t see that one coming. Yolanda wrap up: no more online dating. She’s going to meet men at the market or the casino. Old school. Ed wrap up: who cares. Ok. I guess we do. Shaun asks about the shower. I just can’t listen to him anymore. Then she asks about the first night they were intimate. I’m going to barf. Ed takes full responsibility for “not the things I did, but the way I did them”. Rose is mad at him right now. She wanted to reconcile February 9. Ed is taking a break from dating (sorry ladies!) but Rose taught him to love again and “she didn’t destroy me like my first marriage did.” His mom is moving in with him. But she’s a nurse so hasn’t moved in yet. Ed’s mom is a nurse caring for a young child with a tracheostomy. Ed sucks, but a round of applause for Mother Ed is deserved. David wrap up: David is going to retire earlier than planned because of the recession resulting from the quarantine. Shaun asks about the first kiss. David says something about bowling. He bowls 4 strikes with Lana. The girls in Ukraine love bowling but don’t get to do that. So he takes them. He bets kisses for every strike he bowls. Lana is upset over the publicity from the show. Gets physically ill in front of the camera. If she won’t come to the US or dumps him, he will live part time in the Ukraine - 3 months at a time - to continue dating women there. It’s over. Thank God.
The harmful consequences of Trump’s obsession with hydroxychloroquine
I’ve noticed some misinformation - most of it unintentional - about Trump’s obsession with using hydroxychloroquine, an anti-malarial drug, to treat COVID-19. I wanted to clear things up, as much as possible.
The start
A Chinese and a French study found that hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin reduced the load of SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, in patients’ blood, although their clinical symptoms didn’t change much. The studies were not randomized and did not account for factors like previous health history. The French study has garnered the most attention, even though experts have warned that the study is small and lacks sufficient rigor to be classed as evidence of a potential treatment. A medicinal chemist writes that “most of their patients only had mild symptoms. Furthermore, 85% of the patients didn’t even have a fever – one of the major telltale symptoms of the virus, thus suggesting that these patients likely would have naturally cleared the virus without any intervention.”
Trump took to Twitter after the study was published: “HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE & AZITHROMYCIN, taken together, have a real chance to be one of the biggest game changers in the history of medicine.” Dr. Mehmet Oz then appeared on Fox News’ Hannity to promote the French study, conducted by Didier Raoult, and advocate for the use of hydroxychloroquine in the U.S. “This French doctor, [Didier] Raoult, a very famous infectious-disease specialist, had done some interesting work at a pilot study showing that he could get rid of the virus in six days in 100 percent of the patients he treated… I had the opportunity to interview Dr. Raoult. I was very impressed by him,” Oz told Hannity.
Who is Raoult? "I am what the Americans call a" maverick,” he says. His work includes skepticism of climate change, of Darwin’s law and some vaccines. In one of his books, Raoult asserts unprotected sun exposure is good for you, unlimited alcohol consumption isn’t dangerous, and there is no such thing as antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
There have since been additional studies contradicting those promoted by Trump and the conservative media. Another study conducted in France, led by Jean-Michel Molina, found that after hydroxychloroquine-azithromycin treatment eight out of ten patients still tested positive for COVID-19. Additionally, one of these ten patients died, two were transferred to the ICU, and one had to be removed from the treatment due to serious complications. Even the top infectious disease expert on the president’s task force, Dr. Fauci, has cast doubt on the potential of using the drug for COVID-19 treatment:
Asked about hydroxychloroquine at a briefing: “The information that you're referring to specifically is anecdotal… It was not done in a controlled clinical trial, so you really can't make any definitive statement about it.” On Fox News: “So although there is some suggestion with the study that was just mentioned by Dr. Oz—granted that there is a suggestion that there is a benefit there—I think we’ve got to be careful that we don’t make that majestic leap to assume that this is a knockout drug.”
On Sunday, a reporter tried to ask Dr. Fauci about the drug and Trump stopped him from answering: “Do you know how many times he’s answered that question?” Trump cut in. “Maybe 15.” The reporter responded, “The question is for the doctor. … He’s your medical expert, correct?” Trump shook his finger at the reporter and said “You don’t have to ask the question,” and so Fauci didn’t answer it, and the news conference shuffled right along. As a result of Trump’s enthusiasm, the FDA issued an emergency authorization allowing the use of hydroxychloroquine for treatment of COVID-19 on March 28. The agency still warns that the only people who should take the drug are those who cannot take part in a clinical trial.
The Trump-whisperers
Who is Trump listening to if not the experts? Why, the well known infectious disease experts Rudy Giuliani, Dr. Oz, Laura Ingraham, Larry Ellison, and Peter Navarro, of course! Rudy Giuliani told the Washington Post that he’s spoken to Trump multiple times about hydroxychloroquine, claiming to have described the results of the French study to the president. In the past three weeks, Giuliani has tweeted about the drug 14 times. He apparently has gotten his wealth of knowledge from “a controversial Long Island family doctor with a following in the conservative media, as well as a former pharmacist who once pleaded guilty to conspiring to extort the actor Steven Seagal.” One of the biggest promoters of hydroxychloroquine as a coronavirus treatment has been Dr. Oz. He has made eight appearances on Fox & Friends, seven on Hannity, two on Lou Dobbs, one on Morning with Maria, and one on Shannon Bream. Trump has taken notice and reportedly told aides he wanted to speak to Dr. Oz himself. It is unknown if that conversation occurred, but Oz has already spoken with top administration officials, including the administrator of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Seema Verma.
“He’s been dishonest and he has been dispensing misinformation to millions now for years,” physician and scientific researcher Henry I. Miller told The Daily Beast last month. “I wouldn’t trust any of his observations and don’t see how he would have responsible and valid views on coronavirus.”
Last Friday, Fox News host Laura Ingraham took two doctors who are regular guests on her show to the White House for a private meeting with Trump and FDA Commissioner Stephen Hahn. The two doctors were Ramin Oskoui, a Washington-based cardiologist, and Stephen Smith, a New Jersey-based infectious disease specialist. Smith presented Trump with his ideas for COVID-19 treatment and emphasized the benefits of hydroxychloroquine. According to the Washington Post, Trump “emerged from that meeting seemingly determined to advocate for hydroxychloroquine to be more widely used. Over a week ago, Politico reported that an influential ally played a role in buttressing Trump’s faith in the drug: Oracle co-founder Larry Ellison, a top Trump campaign donor, pitched Trump on the drug and offered to build the government a database to track the use of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine by doctors in the U.S. The White House has pulled multiple agencies into the effort to develop such a database, distracting from their work responding to the virus in ways that are proven to help.
“Everyone is getting ahead of their skis here,” said one senior Health and Human Services official involved in drug policy. “All this buzz is confusing the American public, it's confusing doctors. There’s a ton of people involved in front-line response in the government … who are getting pulled into meetings to discuss this when the data doesn’t support it.”
A new report from Politico today reveals that career health officials have been warned not to publicly speak out and potentially contradict Trump on hydroxychloroquine. “Health officials have been told to prioritize [hydroxychloroquine] over other projects that scientists believe have more potential to fight the outbreak.” Perhaps Trump’s most ardent supporter inside the task force is Economic Adviser Peter Navarro, who reportedly got into a heated argument with Dr. Fauci about the drug on Saturday. At a coronavirus task force meeting, Navarro asserted that he’s seen “clear therapeutic efficacy” of hydroxychloroquine in coronavirus patients. Fauci repeated what he’s said in public, that it is only anecdotal evidence at this point, which apparently “set Peter off.”
Navarro pointed to the pile of folders on the desk, which included printouts of studies on hydroxychloroquine from around the world. Navarro said to Fauci, "That's science, not anecdote," said another of the sources. Navarro started raising his voice, and at one point accused Fauci of objecting to Trump's travel restrictions, saying, "You were the one who early on objected to the travel restrictions with China," saying that travel restrictions don't work. (Navarro was one of the earliest to push the China travel ban.) ...Pence was trying to moderate the heated discussion. "It was pretty clear that everyone was just trying to get Peter to sit down and stop being so confrontational," said one of the sources. Eventually, Kushner turned to Navarro and said, "Peter, take yes for an answer," because most everyone agreed, by that time, it was important to surge the supply of the drug to hot zones.
Asked about the reported argument on Fox News, Navarro responded: “I think history will judge who's right on this debate, but I'd bet on President Trump's intuition on this one.”
What explains it?
So what explains Trump’s insistence that hydroxychloroquine will save the U.S. from the coronavirus? There are two main “schools of thought” here. One is that Trump’s personality faults make it attractive to support a miracle cure over the protests of experts. Other people posit that Trump will financially benefit from the sale of hydroxychloroquine. Let’s deal with the financial aspect first, since that has been blowing up in the past 24 hours. It’s a difficult issue because there is some disagreement about the significance of the two following stories. So what I’ll do is provide just the facts, then put it in a larger context. Cohen’s Novartis deal In 2018, we learned that Trump’s former personal lawyer Michael Cohen signed a one-year contract with the multinational pharmaceutical company Novartis. Their subsidiary, Novartis Investments S.A.R.L., made up to $1.2 million in total payments to Cohen’s consulting firm between February 2017 and February 2018. Stormy Daniels’ lawyer Michael Avenatti revealed the existence of the contract in the spring of 2018. Amid public scrutiny, Novartis explained that the contract with Cohen was for health-care policy consulting work that he proved “unable” to do.
Novartis said it believed Cohen “could advise the company as to how the Trump administration might approach certain U.S. health-care policy matters, including the Affordable Care Act.” But just a month after signing the deal, Novartis executives had their first meeting with Cohen, and afterward “determined that Michael Cohen and Essentials Consultants would be unable to provide the services that Novartis had anticipated.”
Trump’s stake in Sanofi The other night, the New York Times reported that Trump has a “small personal financial interest” in the French pharmaceutical company Sanofi, which manufactures the brand-name version of hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil). This story has garnered a great deal of attention even though there is not much information given. Here are the pertinent excerpts:
Mr. Trump himself has a small personal financial interest in Sanofi, the French drugmaker that makes Plaquenil, the brand-name version of hydroxychloroquine… As of last year, Mr. Trump reported that his three family trusts each had investments in a Dodge & Cox mutual fund, whose largest holding was in Sanofi.
That’s it. ANALYSIS This may not be popular to say, but it doesn’t appear that the Sanofi investment, alone, explains Trump’s incessant promotion of hydroxychloroquine. First of all, Trump doesn’t directly own Sanofi stock - he holds it in three family trusts through an investment in the mutual fund Dodge & Cox’s international stock fund. Going by Trump’s 2019 financial disclosures, Trump’s family trusts have each invested between $1 to $15,000 in Dodge & Cox’s fund. Financial Times reporter Kadhim Shubber wrote this means the president’s stake in Sanofi is likely worth about $30- $450 for each family trust, or about $1,350 maximum total.
That Sanofi investment would therefore constitute between 0.000003 and 0.00005 percent of Trump’s net worth. If you were worth $100,000, it would be like worrying about the nickel in your pocket. (WaPo)
Other shares in the fund include some in AstraZeneca, Novartis, Bayer, GlaxoSmithKline, as well as online retail, electronics, and banking companies. Furthermore, (1) hydroxychloroquine is a very cheap generic made by a bunch of different pharmaceutical companies. (2) Sanofi no longer sells or distributes Plaquenil in the United States, although it does sell it internationally. (3) The largest suppliers of the drug in the U.S. are in India. After Trump’s endorsement, global stockpiling of hydroxychloroquine caused India to ban exports of all forms of the drug. Yesterday, Trump threatened retaliation and India agreed to drop the ban.
as Ami Fadia of SVB Leerink, a health care investment company, told Barron’s, any additional hydroxychloroquine sales aren’t likely to greatly impact drug companies’ bottom lines because, even if they are able to quickly ramp up production, it is a relatively cheap drug in its generic form. Fadia said it can cost as little as 32 cents per pill.
The argument that Novartis’ contract with Michael Cohen years ago has affected Trump’s decisions today are even weaker. NOTE: This is not to say that Trump doesn’t have a conflict of interest here. Reporting on these conflicts is incredibly important! Trump’s decision not to sell off his assets or put them into a blind trust casts any action he takes in doubt - the question will always loom: Does Trump financially benefit from this? And there have been plenty of times the answer is a resounding “yes!” We must be careful not to sound a false alarm, though. Alternative explanation: Trump is Trump Many argue that we don’t have to look to financial interests to explain Trump’s obsession with using hydroxychloroquine to treat COVID-19. Trump (1) thinks very highly of himself and his “gut feelings,” and (2) wants a magic cure to get his “great” economy back. Bolstered by his friends and allies, Trump has supreme confidence in his ability to know the most about everything. We have seen it numerous times in the past, when Trump claimed to be an expert on everything from campaign finance, to ISIS, to renewable energy and Sen. Cory Booker.
Trump compensates for his own insecurity by working to convince himself and everyone else that the experts don’t know what they’re talking about, and he knows more than them about everything. As he said in an appearance at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, “Every one of these doctors said, ‘How do you know so much about this?’ Maybe I have a natural ability.” The scientists standing with him neither burst out in laughter nor began weeping uncontrollably, a tribute to their self-control. (WaPo)
Finally, Trump is also desperate. The fact of the matter is there is no miracle pill to stop the coronavirus and open up the country in as little as four weeks, as Larry Kudlow hopes.
“We had the greatest economy in the history of the world, we had the most people working in the history of our country, almost 160 million people, far more than ever before. And then one day, our professionals correctly came to us and they said, ‘sorry, sir, we have to close down our country,’” Trump lamented Monday at a White House news conference.
Trump wasted months before preparing for the virus. As much as he’d like to avoid blame, the truth is that his administration failed to effectively respond to a global pandemic that has killed over 12,000 Americans so far. From Trump’s perspective, as he said about the drug, “what do you have to lose?”
If Trump can claim that he personally defeated covid-19, then he might just win. If hydroxychloroquine somehow turns out to be an effective treatment, he can point to all the time he spent promoting it while others were skeptical and say, “I did it, America. I saved all your lives, because I’m a genius and the so-called experts are idiots.” (WaPo)
The dangers
As we’ve seen, Trump is diverting attention and resources from more promising solutions, like a vaccine, to focus on his miracle drug. But that’s not the only danger of his obsession with hydroxychloroquine:
ProPublica: Trump’s push to use hydroxychloroquine to treat COVID-19 has triggered a run on the drug. Healthy people are stocking up just in case they come down with the disease. That has left lupus patients like Valdez and those with rheumatoid arthritis suddenly confronting a lack of medication that safeguards them, and not only from the effects of those conditions.
NYT: Doctors are hoarding medications touted as possible coronavirus treatments by writing prescriptions for themselves and family members, according to pharmacy boards in states across the country.
Trump has said “what do you have to lose” while claiming that hydroxychloroquine is completely safe, but this is not true. About 10% of the population is susceptible to serious and potentially lethal side effects: Poison.org warns that the anti-malaria drug can cause a dangerous heart rhythm. When seriously ill COVID-19 patients are given hydroxychloroquine, they are “connected to continuous heart monitors and also get serial electrocardiograms (electrical monitoring of the heart) to look for abnormal heart rhythms before they become life-threatening.”
Furthermore, Poison.org warns that “chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine have major drug interactions with other medicines that can put a person at an even greater risk of an abnormal heart rhythm.” One of these drugs is actually azithromycin, which the French study used in combination with hydroxychloroquine. Another is the diabetes drug metformin, which may kill patients if used in combination with chloroquine.
People may take matters into their own hands. You may remember that two weeks ago, CNN reported: “A Phoenix-area man is dead and his wife is under critical care after the two took chloroquine phosphate in an apparent attempt to self-medicate for the novel coronavirus.” Nigeria reported that three people in their country overdosed on chloroquine after Trump’s endorsement.
NEW ADDITION: In Texas, Trump surrogate and RNC committeeman Dr. Robin Armstrong is using hydroxychloroquine to treat residents of a nursing home who have tested positive for COVID-19. Aside from the fact that the drug is not proven to work, Armstrong did not notify the families of residents that their loved ones were being given an unproven and possibly dangerous drug. Armstrong is operating with the full support of Texas Gov. Abbott.
"I probably would not have been able to get the medication had he [Trump] not been talking about it so much," Armstrong said.
Appendix: The rightwing misinformation ring
Dr. Fauci’s refusal to support Trump’s promotion of hydroxychloroquine has put a target on his back. Some in the right wing are pushing the idea that Fauci is an agent of the “deep state” sent to derail Trump’s presidency.
Media Matters: “the president has been exactly right about those two drugs - Hydroxychloroquine - it's just amazing… And the president was right and frankly Fauci was wrong. Because he said the president is speaking as a layman. No, he's speaking as the President of the United States whose responsibility is for the lives and safety of millions of Americans. Whose actions by this president, you know, depend.” Buzzfeed News: QAnon-supporting radio host Bill Mitchell has been the biggest promoter of the latest theory. For weeks, Mitchell has been spinning a conspiracy theory that Fauci is a “Democrat plant" and nicknamed him “Dr. #FearPorn.” Mitchell’s first tweets about Fauci date back to March 3, when Fauci first suggested the closure of schools and businesses… On the evening of March 20, Mitchell tweeted about Fauci 36 times in 30 minutes. Mitchell was enraged at Fauci going on CNN and publicly disagreeing with Trump’s suggestion that the CDC should allow the use of the anti-malaria drug chloroquine.
As a result of the conspiracy-frenzy, Fauci has reportedly faced threats to his personal safety and was forced to increase his security. Some other examples of the right-wing’s involvement:
Variety: Twitter, stepping up its enforcement of misleading and harmful coronavirus-related claims, required Fox News host Laura Ingraham to delete a tweet from 10 days ago that misrepresented details of an unproven treatment for coronavirus. In the now-deleted tweet from March 20, Ingraham, host of the cable network’s “The Ingraham Angle,” wrote, “Lenox Hill [Hospital] in New York among many hospitals already using Hydroxychloroquine with very promising results. One patient was described as ‘Lazarus’ who was seriously ill from Covid-19, already released.”
Business Insider: Twitter removed a message by Rudy Giuliani, President Donald Trump's personal attorney, for spreading misinformation about the coronavirus… In the tweet on Friday, Giuliani quoted conservative youth activist Charlie Kirk, who claimed that an unproven anti-malaria drug, hydroxychloroquine "in at least three international tests was found 100% effective in treating the coronavirus."
Wired: Google Bans Infowars Android App Over Coronavirus Claims… [in a video in the app] Jones disputed the need for social distancing, shelter in place, and quarantine efforts meant to slow the spread of the novel coronavirus… Earlier this month, New York attorney general Letitia James sent him a cease and desist notice for saying in videos and on the Infowars website that his DNA Force Plus supplements, Superblue toothpaste, and SilverSol gargle could protect against or treat the novel Coronavirus.
Daily Beast: Right-wing figures eager to downplay the coronavirus pandemic’s death toll have hit on a new idea: filming quiet hospital parking lots. Over the weekend, a growing number of pro-Trump personalities decided that the way to prove that the media was overhyping the pandemic was to film places where cars and ambulances show up to drop patients off. If the entrances were quiet and the parking lots mostly empty, they claimed, that was proof that the coronavirus’ effects had been overstated. (alternative source: NBC News)
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